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📐 Reference Formulas

E = I × R P = E × I P = I² × R P = E² / R I = P / E VD = (2 × K × I × D) / CM

SECTION 1: ELECTRICAL THEORY & CALCULATIONS (Questions 1-20)

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1.What is the total resistance of three 30-ohm resistors connected in parallel?

A) 90 ohms

B) 30 ohms

C) 10 ohms

D) 15 ohms

2.A 240V single-phase load draws 45 amperes. What is the power consumption in watts?

A) 5,400 W

B) 10,800 W

C) 18,720 W

D) 7,200 W

3.In a purely resistive AC circuit, the power factor is:

A) 0

B) 0.5

C) 0.8

D) 1.0

4.The voltage across a 20-ohm resistor with 5 amperes flowing through it is:

A) 4 volts

B) 25 volts

C) 100 volts

D) 500 volts

5.What is the line voltage in a 208V three-phase wye system?

A) 120V

B) 208V

C) 240V

D) 277V

6.A capacitor in an AC circuit causes current to:

A) Lead voltage by 90°

B) Lag voltage by 90°

C) Be in phase with voltage

D) Lag voltage by 45°

7.What is the phase-to-neutral voltage in a 480V three-phase wye system?

A) 208V

B) 240V

C) 277V

D) 480V

8.Two 60-ohm resistors in series have a total resistance of:

A) 30 ohms

B) 60 ohms

C) 120 ohms

D) 3,600 ohms

9.A 5 HP motor at 230V single-phase draws approximately how many amps? (Use 746W/HP)

A) 16.2 amps

B) 21.7 amps

C) 28.0 amps

D) 32.4 amps

10.What is the power dissipated by a 100-ohm resistor with 2 amps flowing through it?

A) 50 watts

B) 200 watts

C) 400 watts

D) 800 watts

11.The unit of electrical capacitance is the:

A) Henry

B) Farad

C) Ohm

D) Coulomb

12.In a delta-connected three-phase system, line current equals:

A) Phase current

B) Phase current × 1.414

C) Phase current × 1.732

D) Phase current ÷ 1.732

13.A circuit has 30 ohms resistance and 40 ohms reactance. What is the impedance?

A) 50 ohms

B) 70 ohms

C) 10 ohms

D) 1,200 ohms

14.One kilowatt-hour (kWh) equals:

A) 1,000 watts for 1 second

B) 1,000 watts for 1 hour

C) 100 watts for 10 hours

D) Both B and C

15.An inductor opposes changes in:

A) Voltage

B) Resistance

C) Current

D) Frequency

16.Using NEC Chapter 9 Table 8 (K=12.9 for copper), what is the voltage drop for a 150-foot run of #10 AWG (10,380 CM) carrying 20 amps?

A) 2.5 volts

B) 3.1 volts

C) 3.7 volts

D) 4.8 volts

17.kVA stands for:

A) Kilo-Volts-Actual

B) Kilo-Volt-Amperes

C) Kilo-Variable-Amps

D) Kilo-Voltage-Average

18.A 15 kW heater at 240V single-phase draws how many amps?

A) 36 amps

B) 52.5 amps

C) 48 amps

D) 62.5 amps

19.Power factor is the ratio of:

A) True power to apparent power

B) Reactive power to true power

C) Voltage to current

D) Resistance to impedance

20.The formula for three-phase power is:

A) P = E × I

B) P = √3 × E × I × PF

C) P = 3 × E × I

D) P = E² / R

SECTION 2: NEC CODE REQUIREMENTS (Questions 21-40)

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21.Per NEC 210.8, GFCI protection is required in dwelling unit bathrooms for receptacles rated:

A) 15 amps only

B) 20 amps only

C) 125V, 15 and 20 amp

D) All receptacles regardless of rating

22.NEC 210.52 requires kitchen countertop receptacles to be placed so that no point is more than how far from a receptacle?

A) 12 inches

B) 24 inches

C) 36 inches

D) 48 inches

23.Per NEC 240.4(D), the maximum overcurrent protection for #14 AWG copper is:

A) 15 amps

B) 20 amps

C) 25 amps

D) 30 amps

24.According to NEC 314.16, what is the volume allowance for a #12 AWG conductor?

A) 2.0 cubic inches

B) 2.25 cubic inches

C) 2.25 cubic inches

D) 2.5 cubic inches

25.NEC 250.66 requires the grounding electrode conductor for a 400-amp service with 500 kcmil copper conductors to be minimum:

A) #8 AWG copper

B) #6 AWG copper

C) #4 AWG copper

D) #1/0 AWG copper

26.Per NEC 300.4(A)(1), where cables pass through bored holes in wood framing, the edge of the hole must be at least how far from the nearest edge of the wood member?

A) 1 inch

B) 1-1/4 inches

C) 1-1/2 inches

D) 2 inches

27.NEC 404.2(C) requires switches controlling lighting loads to:

A) Have a grounded conductor (neutral) at the switch location

B) Be rated for 20 amps minimum

C) Have GFCI protection

D) Be located within 6 feet of the fixture

28.Per NEC Table 310.16, what is the ampacity of #6 AWG THHN copper in a raceway at 30°C ambient?

A) 55 amps

B) 65 amps

C) 75 amps

D) 85 amps

29.NEC 210.12 requires AFCI protection for dwelling unit:

A) Kitchens only

B) Bedrooms, living rooms, and similar areas

C) Bathrooms only

D) Garages only

30.Per NEC 230.79, the minimum service disconnecting means rating for a single-family dwelling is:

A) 60 amps

B) 75 amps

C) 80 amps

D) 100 amps

31.NEC 250.52(A)(1) requires a metal underground water pipe electrode to be in contact with earth for at least:

A) 10 feet

B) 8 feet

C) 6 feet

D) 5 feet

32.Per NEC 430.52, the maximum branch circuit short-circuit protection for a motor using an inverse time breaker is typically:

A) 125% of motor FLC

B) 175% of motor FLC

C) 250% of motor FLC

D) 300% of motor FLC

33.NEC Article 680 requires pool pump motors to be protected by:

A) AFCI

B) GFCI

C) Surge protector

D) Time delay fuse only

34.Per NEC 422.11, the branch circuit rating for a 1,500W, 120V appliance must be at least:

A) 15 amps

B) 20 amps

C) 25 amps

D) 30 amps

35.NEC 314.27(A)(2) requires ceiling outlet boxes supporting luminaires over 50 pounds to:

A) Use a standard 4-inch square box

B) Be mounted to a joist only

C) Have GFCI protection

D) Be listed and identified for the weight

36.Per NEC 334.80, the ampacity of NM cable is based on the _____ conductor temperature rating.

A) 60°C

B) 75°C

C) 90°C

D) 105°C

37.NEC 408.36 requires panelboard circuits to be protected by:

A) Fuses only

B) An overcurrent device with a rating not greater than the panelboard rating

C) Circuit breakers rated at 125% of the panelboard rating

D) Ground fault protection only

38.Per NEC 210.52(G), dwelling unit garages require at least:

A) One receptacle outlet

B) Two receptacle outlets

C) One receptacle per vehicle space

D) No receptacles required

39.NEC 250.118 recognizes which of the following as an equipment grounding conductor?

A) RMC (Rigid Metal Conduit)

B) IMC (Intermediate Metal Conduit)

C) EMT (Electrical Metallic Tubing)

D) All of the above

40.Per NEC 220.12, the general lighting load for dwelling units is calculated at:

A) 2 VA per square foot

B) 2.5 VA per square foot

C) 3 VA per square foot

D) 3.5 VA per square foot

SECTION 3: WIRING METHODS & MATERIALS (Questions 41-55)

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41.EMT (Electrical Metallic Tubing) is secured per NEC 358.30 within _____ of each outlet box.

A) 2 feet

B) 3 feet

C) 4 feet

D) 5 feet

42.Per NEC 312.6(A), the minimum depth of a pull box for straight pulls with 2-inch conduit is:

A) 16 inches

B) 12 inches

C) 10 inches

D) 8 inches

43.NM cable (Romex) is permitted in:

A) Commercial buildings over 3 floors

B) Wet locations

C) One and two-family dwellings

D) Direct burial applications

44.Per NEC Table 1, Chapter 9, the maximum conduit fill for 3 or more conductors is:

A) 31%

B) 53%

C) 60%

D) 40%

45.The color required for an ungrounded (hot) conductor in a 208Y/120V system, Phase B is:

A) Black

B) Any color except white, gray, or green

C) Orange (high-leg only)

D) Red only

46.Per NEC 300.5, the minimum burial depth for rigid metal conduit (not under a building) is:

A) 6 inches

B) 12 inches

C) 18 inches

D) 24 inches

47.MC cable must be supported per NEC 330.30 at intervals not exceeding:

A) 4 feet

B) 4.5 feet

C) 6 feet

D) 8 feet

48.Per NEC 358.10, EMT is NOT permitted in:

A) Concealed locations

B) Concrete walls

C) Dry locations

D) Where subject to severe physical damage

49.The high-leg conductor in a 4-wire delta system must be identified by which color?

A) Orange

B) Red

C) Blue

D) Yellow

50.Per NEC 376.22, the maximum number of conductors in a wireway is limited to _____ of cross-sectional area.

A) 10%

B) 20%

C) 40%

D) 50%

51.UF cable differs from NM cable primarily because it:

A) Has a metal armor

B) Is rated for higher temperatures

C) Is suitable for direct burial and wet locations

D) Uses larger conductors

52.Per NEC 344.30, RMC must be secured within _____ of each box or enclosure.

A) 3 feet

B) 4 feet

C) 5 feet

D) 6 feet

53.Per NEC 352.30, PVC conduit must be supported at intervals not exceeding:

A) 4 feet for all sizes

B) 6 feet for all sizes

C) 8 feet for all sizes

D) Varies by size per Table 352.30

54.The minimum bending radius for EMT per NEC 358.24 is:

A) 4 times the internal diameter

B) Per Table 2, Chapter 9 (varies by size)

C) 8 times the external diameter

D) 10 times the internal diameter

55.LFMC (Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit) is often used in:

A) Connections to motors and equipment subject to vibration

B) Underground installations only

C) High-temperature environments above 140°F

D) Service entrance conductors

SECTION 4: MOTORS & CONTROLS (Questions 56-70)

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56.Per NEC 430.22, motor branch circuit conductors must have an ampacity of at least _____ of the motor FLC.

A) 100%

B) 115%

C) 125%

D) 150%

57.Motor overload protection is designed to protect the motor from:

A) Sustained overcurrent conditions during operation

B) Short circuits only

C) Ground faults only

D) Voltage fluctuations

58.The FLC for motor calculations must be taken from:

A) The motor nameplate

B) NEC Tables 430.247-430.250

C) The manufacturer's data sheet

D) Calculated from HP and voltage

59.A motor disconnecting means must:

A) Be within sight of the motor

B) Be capable of being locked in the open position

C) Open all ungrounded conductors

D) All of the above

60.Per NEC Table 430.248, the FLC for a 5 HP, 230V, single-phase motor is:

A) 28 amps

B) 32 amps

C) 40 amps

D) 50 amps

61.A VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) controls motor speed by:

A) Varying the resistance in the circuit

B) Changing the number of poles

C) Adjusting the frequency and voltage supplied

D) Mechanical gear reduction

62.Per NEC 430.32, motor overload protection for a motor with a service factor of 1.15 or greater is typically set at:

A) 115% of nameplate FLA

B) 125% of nameplate FLA

C) 130% of nameplate FLA

D) 150% of nameplate FLA

63.A three-phase motor will run in reverse if you:

A) Swap any two phase conductors

B) Reduce the voltage

C) Change the frequency

D) Remove the ground wire

64.A magnetic motor starter typically includes:

A) A contactor

B) Overload relays

C) Control circuit connections

D) All of the above

65.Star-delta (wye-delta) starting is used to:

A) Increase motor torque

B) Reduce starting current

C) Change motor direction

D) Increase motor speed

66.Per NEC 430.109, the motor disconnecting means for a 2 HP, 230V motor must be rated at least:

A) 100% of motor FLC

B) 110% of motor FLC

C) 115% of motor FLC

D) 125% of motor FLC

67.A holding contact (seal-in contact) on a motor starter:

A) Maintains the contactor coil energized after the start button is released

B) Provides overload protection

C) Reverses motor direction

D) Limits inrush current

68.Motor nameplate data does NOT typically include:

A) Horsepower rating

B) Recommended wire size

C) Service factor

D) Full load amps

69.A DOL (Direct On-Line) starter:

A) Reduces starting current

B) Provides soft start capability

C) Uses reduced voltage during starting

D) Applies full voltage immediately to the motor

70.The purpose of a jog button on a motor controller is to:

A) Provide emergency stop

B) Reset overload relays

C) Allow momentary operation for positioning

D) Change motor speed

SECTION 5: SOLAR PV & BATTERY STORAGE (Questions 71-85)

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71.Per NEC 690.8, PV system circuit conductor ampacity must be at least _____ of the maximum circuit current.

A) 125%

B) 100%

C) 115%

D) 150%

72.A string inverter differs from a microinverter in that:

A) It converts DC to DC

B) It handles multiple panels in series (a string)

C) It mounts on each individual panel

D) It only works with battery systems

73.Per NEC 690.12, rapid shutdown of PV systems requires conductors more than _____ from the array to be reduced to 30V within 30 seconds.

A) 5 feet

B) 3 feet

C) 1 foot

D) 10 feet

74.LiFePO4 batteries are preferred over NMC batteries for residential ESS because they:

A) Have higher energy density

B) Are lighter weight

C) Cost less per kWh initially

D) Are more thermally stable and have longer cycle life

75.A hybrid inverter can:

A) Manage PV, battery, and grid connections simultaneously

B) Only convert AC to DC

C) Only work off-grid

D) Only charge batteries from the grid

76.Per NEC Article 706, ESS (Energy Storage Systems) installations require:

A) Only a main breaker

B) Disconnecting means and proper working space

C) Outdoor installation only

D) No special requirements

77.The open-circuit voltage (Voc) of a PV module:

A) Decreases significantly in cold temperatures

B) Remains constant regardless of temperature

C) Increases in cold temperatures

D) Is always equal to Vmp

78.Per NEC 690.41, PV systems over 30V must have:

A) A grounded conductor or ground fault protection

B) AFCI protection

C) Surge protection

D) GFCI protection

79.Battery State of Charge (SOC) indicates:

A) The battery's age

B) The charging current

C) The total capacity in kWh

D) The percentage of available capacity remaining

80.When sizing a backup battery system, the critical loads panel:

A) Must include all house loads

B) Contains only essential circuits for backup power

C) Cannot include any 240V circuits

D) Must be rated for 200 amps

81.MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) in a charge controller:

A) Optimizes PV array output by adjusting voltage/current relationship

B) Tracks the sun's position

C) Monitors battery temperature only

D) Controls the grid connection

82.Per NEC 705.12, the maximum PV system output breaker for a 200A main panel using the 120% rule is:

A) 20 amps

B) 30 amps

C) 40 amps

D) 50 amps

83.Anti-islanding protection in grid-tied inverters:

A) Increases power output

B) Prevents the inverter from feeding the grid during an outage

C) Charges the battery faster

D) Reduces harmonic distortion

84.The temperature coefficient of a PV module affects:

A) Only the current output

B) Only the physical size

C) The mounting requirements

D) The maximum voltage calculations for string sizing

85.Per NEC 706.31, ESS disconnecting means must:

A) Disconnect all ungrounded conductors and be lockable

B) Only disconnect the positive conductor

C) Be located inside the battery enclosure

D) Be rated for 400 amps minimum

SECTION 6: SAFETY & TROUBLESHOOTING (Questions 86-100)

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86.Before working on any electrical circuit, the FIRST step is to:

A) Put on safety glasses

B) De-energize and verify zero energy state

C) Notify your supervisor

D) Check the weather

87.A clamp-on ammeter measures current by:

A) Direct contact with the conductor

B) Measuring voltage drop across a shunt

C) Sensing the magnetic field around the conductor

D) Calculating from power and voltage

88.When troubleshooting a circuit with no power, you should check the _____ first.

A) Source/breaker

B) Load

C) Neutral connection

D) Ground wire

89.The primary purpose of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is to:

A) Meet OSHA requirements only

B) Make work more comfortable

C) Impress customers

D) Protect the worker from injury or illness

90.Bonding differs from grounding in that bonding:

A) Connects equipment to earth

B) Connects metal parts together to ensure electrical continuity

C) Is only required for service equipment

D) Uses larger conductors than grounding

91.Per OSHA 1910.333, electrical work should only be performed energized when:

A) De-energizing would create a greater hazard or is infeasible

B) The voltage is under 600V

C) The worker has 5+ years experience

D) The job is a rush project

92.The limited approach boundary for 480V per NFPA 70E is approximately:

A) 3 feet 6 inches

B) 5 feet

C) 10 feet

D) 15 feet

93.Arc flash PPE category is determined by:

A) Voltage alone

B) Worker's experience level

C) Distance from equipment

D) Incident energy from an arc flash hazard analysis

94.The difference between a ground fault and a short circuit is:

A) A ground fault involves current flow to ground; a short circuit is between conductors

B) There is no difference

C) A short circuit is less dangerous

D) A ground fault can only occur with DC

95.Per NEC 250.64(B), the grounding electrode conductor must be:

A) Always installed in PVC conduit

B) Protected where subject to physical damage

C) Minimum #4 AWG for all installations

D) Painted orange for identification

96.Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedures are designed to:

A) Mark completed work

B) Identify the worker assigned to a task

C) Prevent accidental re-energization during maintenance

D) Test circuit integrity

97.A megohmmeter (Megger) is used to test:

A) Current flow

B) Voltage levels

C) Continuity only

D) Insulation resistance

98.Before using a voltage tester, you should:

A) Test it on a known live source to verify it's working

B) Assume it's working if the battery is good

C) Check the manufacture date

D) Clean the probes with water

99.Per NEC 250.30, a separately derived system must be grounded at:

A) The main service panel only

B) The source of the separately derived system

C) Any convenient location

D) The load side only

100.Per NEC 200.7(C)(1), a white conductor can be used as an ungrounded conductor if:

A) It is never permitted

B) Only in 120V circuits

C) It is permanently re-identified at each termination point

D) Only in conduit installations

EXAMINATION COMPLETE

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🔧 Conduit Bending Skill Assessment (Separate Evaluation)

⚡ This bonus is determined by a separate hands-on evaluation conducted by a supervisor.

Bending Certification Level (assigned by supervisor):

Base Rate: $0.00 + Bending Bonus: $0.00 =

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📊 Wage Scale Reference

Score Range	Classification	Base Rate Formula
Below 50%	Below Minimum	Does not qualify
50-59%	Entry Level / Trainee	$18.00 - $24.36/hr
60-69%	Apprentice I	$24.40 - $30.16/hr
70-79%	Apprentice II	$30.80 - $36.56/hr
80-89%	Journeyman	$37.20 - $42.96/hr
90-94%	Senior Technician	$43.60 - $46.16/hr
95-100%	Lead / Foreman	$46.80 - $50.00/hr

Formula: $18.00 + (Score% - 50) × $0.64/hr

JOURNEYMAN ELECTRICIAN

Comprehensive Examination

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EXAMINATION COMPLETE

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🔧 Conduit Bending Skill Assessment (Separate Evaluation)

📊 Wage Scale Reference